Research

Gum disease was associated with later type 2 diabetes in men

30.12.16

Researchers investigated whether men with periodontitis were more likely to receive a type 2 diabetes diagnosis during later follow-up. Eighty men were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes over a median follow-up of almost eight years.

Bacteria beneath the gums and insulin resistance

15.12.16

Insulin resistance means the body responds less effectively to insulin. Certain bacterial groups were associated with more inflammation or insulin resistance, while others showed the opposite pattern.

Light-based gum treatment compared with an antibiotic in diabetes

19.02.16

Photodynamic treatment uses a light-activated substance to target microbes. Both groups improved in gum measurements and HbA1c, without a clear overall difference between them.

Antibiotics added only a small average benefit to gum cleaning

20.01.16

Antibiotics are sometimes studied as an addition to periodontal treatment. Adding antibiotics produced a small average extra reduction in gum pocket depth, about 0.15 mm.

Gum disease and long-term outcomes in chronic kidney disease

31.12.15

People with kidney disease often have several health conditions at once. Both periodontitis and kidney disease were associated with higher mortality rates.

Even vulnerable molars may last with long-term periodontal care

10.12.15

Molars with substantial bone loss or damage between roots can have an uncertain outlook. Most molars survived, including many with considerable initial damage.

Blood inflammation markers and changes in gum health

16.10.15

Inflammation in the body may be connected with periodontal changes. Higher or increasing inflammation measurements were associated with somewhat less favourable gum pocket and attachment measurements.

Blocking an inflammatory signal in a diabetic rat model

28.09.15

TNF-alpha is one of the signals involved in inflammation. Some insulin-resistance measurements and dental X-ray findings were more favourable with treatment.

Gum treatment and hormone changes in type 1 diabetes

29.08.15

Parathyroid hormone and active vitamin D help regulate mineral balance. Gum bleeding and deeper pockets decreased markedly.

Gum bacteria and inflammation in gestational diabetes

09.05.15

Pregnancy-related diabetes and gum inflammation may occur together. The bacteria were detected more often in women with gestational diabetes or gingivitis than in the comparison group, with the highest frequencies when both were present.

Periodontitis and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes

30.12.16

• Diabetes is a growing global health issue, with an estimated 415 million cases in 2015 and projected to rise to 642 million by 2040.
• Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for 90% of cases, posing a significant economic burden, particularly in the UK.

Understanding the link between subgingival microbiome and insulin resistance

15.12.16

Diabetes risk and insulin resistance are associated with chronic systemic inflammation, often exacerbated by microbial factors. Inflammation interferes with insulin signalling, increasing diabetes susceptibility. Periodontitis, a chronic infection of the tooth-supporting structures, is linked to systemic inflammation and glucose intolerance. Emerging research suggests that early microbial changes in the subgingival environment may play a pivotal role in insulin resistance. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between subgingival bacterial composition, systemic inflammation, and insulin resistance in individuals living without diabetes. The hypothesis posited that dysbiosis (bacterial imbalances) in the subgingival microbiome would correlate with elevated inflammation and insulin resistance markers and that systemic inflammation would mediate this relationship. By identifying specific microbial signatures linked to inflammation and glucose regulation, the study hoped to improve early detection of diabetes risks and inform future intervention strategies.

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in periodontal therapy in type 2 diabetes

19.02.16

Repeated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and oral doxycycline, each combined with periodontal cleaning, improved periodontal measures and HbA1c over 3-months. Photodynamic therapy showed advantages for certain moderate-depth pockets, but neither treatment produced a significantly greater improvement in glycaemic control.

Systemic antimicrobials in periodontal therapy for patients with diabetes

20.01.16

• Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant risk factor for periodontitis, particularly in individuals with poor glycaemic control.
• Patients with diabetes exhibit higher prevalence and severity of periodontitis due to mechanisms such as increased infection risk and impaired wound healing.

Periodontitis and mortality in advanced chronic kidney disease

31.12.15

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 8–13% of the global population and is linked to higher mortality, primarily from cardiovascular disease (CVD).Systemic inflammation is a key non-traditional risk factor in CKD.

Predicting molar loss in patients under long-term periodontal care

10.12.15

• Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with severe systemic and oral health complications, including periodontitis, which is characterised by gum inflammation, periodontal tissue damage, and tooth loss.
• Pre-diabetes, a metabolic condition with elevated blood glucose levels below the diabetic threshold, is also linked to complications like nephropathy and neuropathy.

Impact of inflammatory markers on periodontitis progression

16.10.15

• Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with severe systemic and oral health complications, including periodontitis, which is characterised by gum inflammation, periodontal tissue damage, and tooth loss.
• Pre-diabetes, a metabolic condition with elevated blood glucose levels below the diabetic threshold, is also linked to complications like nephropathy and neuropathy.

Blocking TNF-α in diabetes-associated periodontal breakdown

28.09.15

This animal study investigated whether blocking the inflammatory protein TNF-α could improve periodontal and metabolic outcomes in obese diabetic rats. Etanercept reduced markers of insulin resistance and appeared to lessen diabetes-associated periodontal destruction, while periodontitis itself did not significantly worsen the measured metabolic or kidney outcomes.

Periodontal treatment, parathyroid hormone and vitamin D in type 1 diabetes

29.08.15

This study examined whether periodontitis and its treatment were associated with changes in parathyroid hormone and active vitamin D. In patients with type 1 diabetes, parathyroid hormone increased after periodontal treatment, particularly in those with more severe disease, but its changes did not consistently track changes in active vitamin D.

Increased periodontal bacteria in gestational diabetes

09.05.15

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and periodontal inflammation are independently associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth, preeclampsia, and low birth weight.